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Inside HSM Oxford

Stories from the History of Science Museum, University of Oxford

Henry Moseley

Creating and curating a special exhibition

9 July 2015 by Scott Billings Leave a Comment

150521_056

Our current special exhibition, ‘Dear Harry…’ – Henry Moseley: A Scientist Lost to War, features many artefacts drawn from the collections of museums and archives around the country. Its stories and narrative attempt to convey something of the voice and character of Moseley himself; and some of the scientific experiments he conducted are revealed through computer animation.

Although our special exhibition gallery is quite a small space, mounting a show is nonetheless a complex, varied and often long process. So how does an exhibition like Dear Harry come together? Co-curator Dr Liz Bruton explains…

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It helps to start early. Plans for an exhibition on Henry ‘Harry’ Moseley were first discussed in 2013 as part of ‘Innovating in Combat’, a joint project on World War One telecommunications at the University of Leeds and Museum of the History of Science. The 2015 centenary anniversary of the Gallipoli conflict, where Harry was killed, emerged as a perfect date, and summer 2015 was earmarked for the exhibition at MHS.

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Subtle but effective lighting helps to show off the material without subjecting delicate paper objects to harmfully bright light

The next step is to secure some funding. We approached potential project partners and lenders and then began work on a Heritage Lottery Fund ‘Our Heritage’  grant application. It was at this time, about 18 months before the exhibition itself, that many of the themes and ideas for the wider project came together. Thankfully, the Heritage Lottery Fund generously decided to support the project in December 2014.

By this time the three central themes of ‘son, scientist, and soldier’ had been decided for the exhibition. These ideas determined much of how the physical displays would be structured. Harry’s surviving apparatus, preserved by Professor Townsend at the Department of Physics in Oxford and donated to the Museum in the 1930s, along with an animation of the apparatus in action, would together sit at the chronological and thematic centre, in between material from his youth and his later experiences in the Royal Engineers and ultimately his death in Gallipoli in August 1915.

A central display showing Moseley's scientific apparatus

A central display showing Moseley’s scientific apparatus

Our collections manager, conservator, and exhibition curators, along with other staff, worked closely to determine the final selection of artefacts for display. We were keen for Harry’s voice and character to be present throughout the show so we carefully selected a set of ‘Moseley moments’, as we referred to them, which now appear as quotations in cases and on large wall mounts. These quotes help to tell the deeply personal and biographical story of Harry’s life.

In the final stages of preparation, cases, artefacts, labels and displays were brought together by staff and installed in the Museum’s newly-refurbished special exhibition gallery to create the exhibition that visitors see today. Towards the end, a little ‘fairy dust’ was sprinkled over the show by our external lighting designer, who created a simple and effective lighting scheme in the gallery.

MHS PTE chocolate milk P22

But there is more to mounting an exhibition than the gallery displays themselves: all museum staff came together in weekly meetings to discuss everything from visual identity to media relations to merchandise. The latter discussions resulted in a tasty bespoke product: the Periodic Taste of Elements luxury chocolate bar. Needless to say, settling on this particular aspect of the exhibition involved lots and lots of testing…

We also worked closely with the Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft (HTW) in Dresden, Germany to create a computer animation of Moseley’s X-ray spectrometer experiments. You can watch that animation video here.

If you haven’t visited Dear Harry yet, please do. We hope you enjoy it; and don’t forget to grab a chocolate bar or two from the shop on your way out! If you have any comments do let us know on this blog or via email.

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Posted in: Exhibitions, Press and media, Research Tagged: Dear Harry, Gallipoli, Henry Moseley, Periodic Table, World War I, x-ray spectroscopy

Death at The Farm – (Re-)visiting Harry on Gallipoli

8 June 2015 by Scott Billings Leave a Comment

Moseley memorial

Our current special exhibition, ‘Dear Harry…‘, presents an intimate portrait of Henry Moseley, a brilliant British physicist who was killed, aged 27, in World War I in Gallipoli, Turkey on 10 August 1915. To mark the exhibition and the centenary of the Dardanelles campaign, our director Dr Silke Ackermann embarked on a pilgrimage to Gallipoli and retraced some of Harry’s final steps.

By Silke Ackermann

View from Chunuk Bair across the gullies towards the landing beaches in the distance

View from Chunuk Bair across the gullies towards the landing beaches in the distance

The first thing that strikes you is the serene beauty of the place. Turquoise waters, shady woods, and the flowers – so many flowers, blood-red poppies amongst them. And then it strikes you that Harry, who loved his cottage garden so much, would never have seen it like this. When he first landed at Helles at the southern-most tip of Gallipoli the landscape already showed the brutal scars of months of heavy fighting. When he returned as part of the infamous August offensive, the last few days of his life were spent in chaos and turmoil.

Following the opening of our exhibition I have come to Gallipoli to find Harry, or at least trace his last footsteps. Like so many others, his body was never identified and the Commonwealth War Graves Commission website states that his name is on Helles Memorial, one of the countless memorials for soldiers of all sides. ‘Panels 23 to 25 or 325 to 328’, the website states somewhat enigmatically. What on earth does that mean? Don’t they know exactly?

When I get there in the midday heat (and it is only late May, what must it have been like in August?!) I start looking for Harry. With a jolt his name suddenly jumps out to me, in the middle of panel 24, looking out into the calm waters. The panels are organised by division, then by rank, not by name. So Harry is amongst the Second Lieutenants of the Royal Engineers, name upon name over seven panels in two different positions on the vast memorial.

Helles memorial, panels 23 to 25. Harry’s name on panel 24 is marked by a poppy.

Helles memorial, panels 23 to 25. Harry’s name on panel 24 is marked by a poppy.

But he didn’t die here, that we know for sure. So I retrace my steps and with the help of my excellent guide Seyhan return to the landing beaches on the western side of the peninsula. We get out of the car at every possible point. ‘Embarkation Pier’? Or ‘Anzac Cove’? Or maybe ‘Suvla Point, the most northerly of the possible spots? The available information is patchy, so we stop at every one of them and look up across the shrubbery to the point Harry and his comrades were meant to take: Hill Q, near the much better known Chunuk Bair.

Battle_of_Sari_Bair,_first_phase

A map of the region. Click to view a larger version.

I had intended to climb up through the gullies as Harry would have done, but the snakes prevent that. So we drive up to Chunuk Bair and walk down the steep 400 metres or so to an area known as ‘The Farm’. ‘The Farm’ is the least visited of the many cemeteries on Gallipoli, Seyhan tells me, and I soon understand why. We slip several times on the pine needles, and soon we sweat profusely. Unfamiliar sounds all around us. What must it have been like in the August heat, where every crack could have meant death?

When we finally get to the cemetery I am struck by how peaceful it seems. There is a surprisingly small number, just seven gravestones, all of rather senior officers, all ‘believed to be buried’ here. But in this small area of about 30×60 metres there lie 652 British soldiers, 634 of whom remained unidentified. It is to here that Harry and his men retreated after the failed attempt to take Hill Q on 9 August; it is here that heavy hand-to-hand fighting ensued on the following morning; and it is likely here, or close by, that Harry died. He may well be one of those lying here, never identified.

The Farm cemetery

The Farm cemetery

And it is here that the thought hits you full on – what a loss to humanity, all those young men from both sides, all those mothers and sisters, not just Harry’s, mourning the loss of a loved one, with nothing gained whatsoever.

On the way back up the hill Seyhan bends down and hands me a small grey marble-like object. It is a piece of shrapnel. Even after 100 years the area is still littered with it.

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Posted in: Exhibitions, Research Tagged: Gallipoli, Henry Moseley, World War I

Too valuable to die?

26 May 2015 by Scott Billings 1 Comment

Our latest special exhibition, ‘Dear Harry…’ – Henry Moseley: A Scientist Lost to War, is now open and we are pleased to say that people are taking an enthusiastic interest in Moseley’s important story. The exhibition is part biography,  part World War I centenary, and part history of science. It presents Harry Moseley intimately as a son, scientist, and soldier.

A great piece of coverage for the exhibition was on BBC Radio 4’s Today programme, where our director Dr Silke Ackermann chatted with presenter John Humphrys about the impact of Moseley’s scientific work on the x-ray spectra of the elements, and the subsequent ordering of the Periodic Table, and the legacy of his death in Gallipoli, Turkey on 10 August 1915. She was joined by Professor Andy Parker, head of the Cavendish Laboratory at Cambridge University.

One of the questions raised by Moseley’s death was whether a scientist’s life is ‘too valuable’ to be lost on the battlefield, and if so whom should we send to war instead. As part of the Dear Harry… programme of events the Museum will host a debate in October under the heading ‘Too Valuable to Die?’, a phrase used at the time of Moseley’s death, and a question that will be discussed from different perspectives by a panel drawn from a range of backgrounds.

Watch out for more about the Dear Harry… exhibition on this blog and have a listen to the Today interviews using the player above.

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Posted in: Exhibitions, MHS News, Press and media Tagged: Dear Harry, Henry Moseley

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